不同基因型大豆磷素吸收特性比较研究

Comparison Study on Phosphorous Absorption Characteristics of Soybeans with Different Genotypes

选用东农4(2高蛋白品种)、合丰2(5中间型品种)、东农4(6高油品种)3个基因型大豆品种作为试验材料,采用盆栽的方式,在每kg土壤施N和K2O各为0.033g基础上,设P1、P2、P3、P4 4个P处理(即每kg土壤分别施P2O5 0、0.033、0.067、0.100g),进行了3个大豆品种磷素吸收特性比较研究,结果表明,3个基因型大豆品种在吸收土壤速效磷、植株含磷量、干物质积累、单株产量、脂肪含量方面存在着差异。生育期内高油品种土壤速磷含量始终低于中间型品种和高蛋白品种;高油品种全株磷素含量最高,高蛋白品种含量最少;高蛋白品种从分枝期至成熟期干物质积累量大于中间型品种和高油品种,高油品种干物质积累最少;高蛋白品种单株产量最高,高油品种单株产量最低,中间型品种单株产量介于二者之间;高油品种的脂肪含量大于中间型品种和高蛋白品种。

Three genotypes of soybeans, Dongnong 42 （high protein variety, HPV）, Hefeng 25 （middle variety, MV） and Dongnong 46 （high oil variety, HOV）, were selected to compare their phosphorous absorption characteristics. The soybeans were planted in pots and fertilized with 0.033 g of N and K2O per kg soil, at the same time, four levels of phosphorous treatments were designed, which were P1,P2,P3,P4 （i.e., 0,0.033,0.067,0.100 g of P2O5 per kg soil）. The results showed that there were many differences between these three genotypes, such as absorption of soil available phosphorous, phosphorous contents of plants, accumulation of dry matters, yields of single plant, fat contents, and soon. During development stage, available phosphorous content in soils planted with HOV were much lower than those planted with MV and HPV; the highest phosphorous contents in whole plants was in HOV and the lowest was in HPV; from branching stage to mature stage, the dry matter accumulation in HPV was much larger than those in MV and HOV, the lowest dry matter accumulation appeared in HOV; the yields of single plant were the highest in HPV and the lowest in HOV; the fat contents in HOV were the highest.