1H,4H-3,6-二硝基吡唑[4,3-c]并吡唑胺盐的合成与表征

Synthesis and Characterization of 1H,4H-3,6-Dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole Amine Salts

以1H,4H-6-硝基吡唑[4,3-c]并吡唑-3-羧酸为原料,经过一步脱羧硝化得到1H,4H-3,6-二硝基吡唑[4,3-c]并吡唑(DNPP)。以DNPP为原料,分别与三氨基胍的硝酸盐、脒基脲的盐酸盐合成DNPP的三氨基胍盐(TAG-DNPP)和DNPP的脒基脲盐,采用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振光谱等鉴定了其结构;研究了一步脱羧硝化反应的反应机理;分析了TAG-DNPP用作发射药添加剂的原因。结果表明,TAG-DNPP高温分解的残渣重新聚合得到嘧隆类化合物,能抑制发射药火焰,改良燃速。

Taking 1H, 4H-6-nitropyrazolo [4, 3-c] pyrazole-3-carboxy as primary material, 1H, 4H-3, 6- dinitropyrazolo [4,3-c]pyrazole （DNPP） was synthesized by one step reaction of decarboxylation and nitration. By using DNPP as primary material, two DNPP amine salts ,TAG-DNPP and GU-DNPP,were synthesized with solid triaminoguanidinium（TAG） nitrate and solid guanidylurea （GU） hydrochloride, respectively. Their structures were confirmed by IR, ^1H NMR, ^13C NMR and elemental analysis. The reaction mechanism of decarboxylation and nitration was investigated. Some reasons was analyzed for triaminoguanidinium 3,6-dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c] pyrazole as the gun propellant additive. The results show that the pyrolysis residue of TAG-DNPP can form new melon compounds. These novel compounds make flame temperature suppress and burning rate of the gun propellants improve.