钾营养对棉花生长发育与生理特性的影响

Effect of Potassium on Growth and Development and Physiological Characerristics of Cotton

利用温室水培试验,以中棉36和新陆早13为试验材料,在2个钾浓度条件下(1×10-3,6×10-3mol/L)进行棉花培养试验,动态监测植株生长发育、叶绿素及吸钾量等指标。研究表明,两种棉花的株高、根系、叶片数、根系活跃吸收面积均随钾浓度的增高而改变,总体上中棉36略高于新陆早13,而新陆早13的叶面积在高钾时高于中棉36;钾对棉花叶绿素的影响,两个品种均表现出叶绿素a的含量高于叶绿素b,且高钾(6×10-3mol/L)的叶绿素含量高于低钾(1×10-3mol/L)的叶绿素含量;植株样中钾的含量不同:两种棉花根、茎、叶、植株样的钾含量,都是高钾(6×10-3mol/L)的大于低钾(1×10-3mol/L),且都是叶中钾的含量最高,根中钾的含量略低,中棉36的植株体内钾的含量高于新陆早13的。说明不同钾水平下,棉花对钾素的生理响应不同。

The experiment studied CRI 36 and Xinluzao 13 under hydroponic culture in the greenhouse, and 2 potassium consistency condition （1 × 10^-3 mol/L, 6 × 10^-3 mol/L） culture experiment, dynamic monitoring of cotton such as plant growth and development, the chlorophyll and attracting potassium amounts. The results showed that： Two kinds of cotton plant height, root system, leaf numbers, active absorbing surface area of root system changed with the increasing of potassium consistency. The attracting potassium amount of CRI 36 was a little higher than that of Xinluzao 13 as a whole, but the leaf area of Xinluzao was greater than that of CRI 36 during the period of high potassium. Impact of potassium on cotton chlorophyll showed that chlorophyll A content was higher than that of chlorophyll B, and content of high potassium （6 × 10^-3 mol/L）chlorophyll was higher than that of low potassium （1×10^-3 mol/L）. There was different potassium content in the plant： root, stem, leaf and plant content, content of high potassium （6 × 10^-3 mol/L）was greater than that of low potassium （1 × 10^-3 mol/L） in different cottons, and the potassium content in the leaf was maximum. Meanwhile the potassium content was a bit lower in root. The content of potassium in cotton plant of CRI 36 was higher than that of Xinluzao 13. The experiment results indicated that there was different effect of different potassium content on physiological characteristics of cotton.