西方小说批判精神在中国的影响及蜕变

The Influence on and Metamorphosis of Critique Spirit of Western Novels in China

西方小说最重要的精神品质之一是其批判性,它曾对中国现代小说产生过重要影响,后来却在中国发生了令人遗憾的蜕变。原因主要在于中国小说家们用集体主义价值观取代了西方小说所秉持的个人主义价值观,服从于集体自我拯救的需要而忽视了对人的自由的强调。这种价值观上的转向使中国作家在一定程度上放弃了对精神主体性和独立性的追求,依附于政治意识形态,丧失了进行社会观照的独立价值标准,从而造成了批判精神的蜕变。

One of the spiritual qualities of western novels is their critique quality,which brought on consequential influence on modern Chinese novels but unfortunately suffered from metamorphosis in China subsequently. The main cause is that Chinese writers replaced individualistic values in the western novels by collectivism, subjecting to the need of self-retrieval while ignoring the emphasis of freedom of people. The shift of values made Chinese writers give up their pursuit of spiritual subjectivity and independence to a certain extent, who cling to political ideology and lose the independent value criterion for the concern of society, consequently bringing about the metamorphosis of critique spirit.