《李尔王》剧中的乞丐式疯癫

On Beggar Madness in King Lear

疯癫意象是文艺复兴时期文学史上最独特的文化向度,乞丐式疯癫更是与当时社会的疯人院和"可怜的汤姆"形象紧密联系的疯癫文化符号之一。《李尔王》中爱德伽伪装成"可怜的汤姆"逃避"猎人"的追捕最终成为正义主持者的情节,体现了文艺复兴时期人们通过乞丐式疯癫这种独特的疯癫样态,借助疯子之喉舌来寻求理性和真理的过程。这一过程使疯癫和理性达到了悖论式的对话和内在统一。乞丐式疯癫的审美是文艺复兴时期疯癫美学不可或缺的一部分。

The image of madness is a unique cultural dimension and code in the literary works during the Renaissance period. The beggar madness is the very special symbol of madness connected with bedlam and ＂Poor Tom＂ at that time. In King Lear, Edgar disguises as ＂Poor Tom＂, and performs the role of madman which saves his life and makes him the representative of justice. The voice of reason and justice from the madman can be heard according to the plot. The dialogue and paradoxical harmony between madness and reason can be pursued in the voice of the madmen. The aesthetics of Beggar＇ madness is a special dimension and necessary part of madness aesthetics.