北京市城区职业人群健康教育效果分析

Effect evaluation of health education among professionals in Beijing City

目的评价综合健康教育对职业人群知识和行为的影响效果。方法采用分层随机抽样方法确定调查对象;以健康教育和健康促进为策略开展以知识和运动干预为主的综合干预活动;通过比较两次横断面调查职业人群知识和行为的变化情况评价干预效果。结果北京市城区职业人群的知识总分从基线调查时的34.10分提高到终末调查的41.90分（P〈0.01）;吸烟危害、酗酒危害、不合理膳食、体育锻炼、体重超重、高血压防治、高血脂防治、糖尿病防治知识均有所提高,提高幅度从10.13%~34.25%（P〈0.01）;18-29岁、30-39岁、站立或走动式作业人群健康知识增幅较小;现在吸烟率、经常饮酒率、高脂摄入率、咸食摄入率、不参加体育锻炼率、体重超重率呈下降趋势（P〈0.01）;甜食摄入率和肥胖率无明显变化（P〉0.05）。结论干预活动在提高北京市城区职业人群健康知识水平、降低行为危险因素流行水平方面是有效的。

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education among professionals. Methods Professionals were selected by stratified and random sampling. Series of intervention activities were applied to professionals. Using the information collected before and after intervention to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results The total score of health knowledge increased from 34.10 point in baseline research to 41.90 point after intervention （P〈0.01）. Several kinds of health knowledge, such as the harm of smoking, drinking, unreasonal diet, overweighting, and the knowledge of exercise, preventing of hypertension, preventing of hyperlipidemia, preventing of diabetes, increased in different degree from 10.13 percent to 34.25 percent after intervention. The rates of current smoking, frequent drinking, no exercise, taking more fat and salt, and overweight were reduced separately （P〈0.01）. While the rates of sweetmeat intaking and obesity had no evident changing. Conclusion The intervention activities worked effectively on improving health knowledge and behavior among professionals in Beijing City.