空气系统中滑片膨胀机热力性能的试验研究

Experimental Investigation on the Thermodynamic Performance of a Rotary Vane Expander in the Air System

研制了一台双作用滑片膨胀机,搭建了以空气为介质的膨胀机性能试验台,对所研制的滑片膨胀机热力性能进行了测试,对影响膨胀机性能的主要因素进行了定量分析。试验结果表明:容积效率随膨胀机的转速增加而增大,在1000 r/m in之后基本保持在35%左右;当进、排气压力差不变时,膨胀机输出功随压比增大而增大,当压差不变时,存在最佳压比使绝热效率达到最大值26%;在进、排气压力不变时,随着转速的增加绝热效率在900 r/m in会出现最优值28%。进一步分析表明,泄漏和摩擦损失是影响膨胀机效率的关键因素。

A double acting rotary vane expander prototype was developed and the test rig was built up. The performance of the expander prototype in the air test system was tested and the major factors influencing the expander performance was analyzed quantitatively. The experimental results indicate that the increase in the rotational speed can improve the volumetric efficiency greatly till it reaches about 35% at 1000rpm ,after which the volumetric efficiency keeps at this level. The output work of the ex- pander increases with the pressure ratio while keeping the pressure difference between the suction pressure and discharge pressure. when the pressure difference keeps constant, an optimum pressure ratio exist , at which the maximum adiabatic efficiency is 26%, keeping both the suction and discharge pressures constant, the isentropic efficiency has a maximal value of 28% when the rotational speed is 900rpm. It is concluded from further analysis that the leakage and friction lossed are the key factors to the efficiency of this kind of expander.