论民法的基本原则与环境保护

On the Basic Principle of Civil Law and the Environmental Protection

环境问题的产生与人类的环境观是分不开的,现代环境观要求民法在环境问题面前采取积极应对的态度。民法的私法属性反映出民法应对环境问题的局限性,而民法基本原则的功能可以弥补这一局限。无论是民事立法还是民事司法,都应当体现出作为民法基本原则的政策性原则与公理性原则的要求,使可持续发展观和环境道德作为民法基本原则的新内涵,保障在立法始终不够完善的情况下,私法规范能够承受环境问题的冲击,私法秩序能够得以维护,良好的生态环境也能有助于实现。当法律没有对民事主体的行为赋予保护环境的相应规定时,法官不能因为没有规定而做出不利于环境保护的裁判。借助民法基本原则的功能,民法可以发挥环境保护的规制作用。

The generation of the environmental problems can not be separated from the human environmental view. The modern environmental viewpoint requires civil law to take the attitude of dealing with the environmental problem actively. The private attribute of the civil law reflects its limitation to face the environmental problem, but the function of the civil law basic principle can make up this limitation. Whether it is the civil legislation or the civ- il judicature, it should reflect the requirements of the basic principle of policy principle and the rational principle, taking the concept of sustainable development and the environment ethics as a new connotation of the civil law basic principle. Though security council may not be perfect enough, the private law norms can withstand the impact of environmental problem, the civil law order can be maintained, the good ecological environment can be realized. When the law has not entrusted with protecting environment to behavior of civil subject, a judge can not because there is no requirement to do environmentally - friendly magistrates. By the function of civil law basic principle, it can give full scope to environmental protection, too.