新生儿败血症的临床分析

Clinical analysis of neonatal septicemia

目的分析新生儿败血症的临床特点以及血培养病原菌的构成和药物敏感性，指导临床合理应用抗生素。方法回顾分析医院近4年中326例新生儿败血症的临床资料感染菌株及细菌对抗菌药的敏感度。结果新生儿败血症感染菌株革兰阳性为89％，以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌居多，表皮葡萄球菌为首位（44．9％）。革兰阴性为11％，以肺炎克雷伯菌为主（33．3％）。肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南敏感率最高（100％），凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌主要对万古霉素高度敏感（100％）。结论引起新生儿败血症的细菌以革兰阳性球菌为主，CNS为主要病原菌，临床应根据血培养药敏结果选用敏感抗生素，以减少细菌耐药性的产生，提高治疗效果。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, the pathogens and drug sensitivity test in neonatal septicemia in order to instruct proper use of antibiotics.Methods The clinical data of 326 neonatal septemia in past four years, pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity test were analysed retrospectively. Results Grampositive cocci （89%）predominated over Gram-negative bacilli （11%）,Coagulase negative staphylococcus was main pathogens, among which 44.9% was S. epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae were main pathogens of Gram-negative bacilli（33.3 %）. The S. epidermidis were sensitive （100%） to vancomycin. The Klehsiella pneumoniae were sensitive （100%） to imipenem. Conclusion Gram-positive cocci is main pathogens in neonatal septicemia , as coagulase negative staphylococcus the most . To choose sensitive antibiotics base on the drug sensitivity tests may decrease the occurrence of drug resistant to bacteria and increase the clinical curative effects.