老年人肾脏疾病的B超诊断研究

The study for the diagnosis of the B-mode ultrasonography for the old kidney disease

目的对老年人肾脏疾病采用B超进行观察分析，以提高老年人肾脏疾病的诊断正确率。方法选择我院60例患有肾脏疾病的老年人，根据年龄分为两组，采用B超对两组患者进行观察分析，并比较结果。结果第二组大部分患者肾脏形态不规则，包膜呈波浪状，尤以纵断面明显，可见多处凹凸不平，皮质内回声尚均匀，无明显占位效应。第二组肾脏的长径和宽径均较对照组缩小，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而厚径差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论老年人的肾脏由于年龄增大可引起肾脏不规则，集合系统回声增强，局部的隆起，皮质相对变薄等现象。

Objective Using B-mode ultrasonography to observe and analyse the old kidney disease in order to enhance the older kidney disease diagnosis in a correct rate. Methods Choosing 60 old patients in our hospital who suffered from kidney disease as the old group and choosing 60 cases of physical examination of the same period as the analysing group to observe and analyse the B-mode ultrasonography. Results Most of the old group patient＇s kidney was in an irregular shape, capsule was in a wave shape particularly in the vertical section. It is particular in longitudinal sections, unevenness can be found, cortex echo is uniform and there is no obvious occupied effect. The width and length of the kidney for the old group was smaller than those in the analysing group, the difference has statistics significance （P〈0.05）, there was no statistics meaning for the thick drive difference （P 〉0. 05）.Conclusion The kidney of the old can be irregular because of the increase of their age, the echo of the assemble system enhances, partial places uplift, cortex becomes thinner some other phenomena.