“金石学”在现代学科体制下的重塑

The Remolding of Epigraphy in the Modern Academic Discipline and Institution

中国历史上对古器物与古文字的研究由来已久,并且在范围和方法上不断有所改变。晚清西学的波击,使从事斯学的学者开始对比参考西方类似的学术研究。学科体制的建立促使热衷于金石之学的学者开始勾画一门独立的学科。"金石文字学"、"金石学史"、"金石学"等学科名称逐渐出现在时人的论述中。民初学者似已完全接受分科治学的观念,不断尝试撰写金石之学的教科用书,但对既往金石之学的叙述却无法达成共识。金石之学立足于现代学科之林的企图失败了,却在考古学史上留下了"曾经作为一门学科"的印迹。

It is centuries-old that Chinese studied epigraphy and antiques with continually changes in scopes and methods.Under the impact of western academic study in the late Qing dynasty,Chinese researchers began to compare with and refer to the similar studies in the West.The establishment of modern academic discipline urged them to conceive an independent subject.In the early Republic of China,scholars on epigraphy and antiques seemed to completely accept the idea of discipline,and wrote textbooks,but they could not reach the common understanding of this discipline.The effort to set up an independent discipline of 'Jin Shi Xue'(Epigraphy)is unsuccessful,yet the history of 'Jin Shi Xue' becomes a discipline.