宋代的豪强形势户

The Powerful Situational Household in Song Dynasty

形势户是宋代赋役版籍中的一种户口类别。他们在宋代已失去了对抗中央政府的能力,但在地方上,兼并土地,逃避赋役,为害地方,与乡村管理者既勾结又斗争,是宋代农村冲突的始作俑者;同时豪强形势户又在巩固封建统治中起到过重要作用。

Situational household was a type of residence for tax and service in Song Dynasty. They had already lost the ability to counterbalance the central government, but at the local places, they annexed land, evaded taxes and services, damaged the local area, both played footsie with and fight against countryside management, were the starter of countryside conflict in Song dynasty. At the same time, powerful situational households had played important roles in consolidating feudal rule.