是“谬见”,还是真实?——对一种责难的回应

Fallacy or Truth——A Reaction to Censure

与恩格斯不同,马克思早在撰写《神圣家族》之前就与费尔巴哈思想有着批判性的距离。恩格斯试图建立自然辩证法,马克思则只是把黑格尔辩证法改造成了立足于人的存在的实践辩证法。恩格斯最有资格和能力整理《资本论》,但这并不意味着他的实际工作无懈可击,况且马克思在这方面对其持有某种保留态度。承认马克思常人的一面,不仅不是庸俗化,而且是更真实地了解其思想的必要前提。正视马克思同恩格斯在思想上的异质性,恰恰是通过恩格斯理解马克思的一条不可替代的路径。

Different from Engels, there had been a critical distance between Marx and Feuerbach long before he started to compose the Holy Family. What Engels attempted to set up is a dialectics of nature while for Marx it is a practical dialectics transformed from Hegel＇s dialectics with its stress on human existence. Engels is the most qualified person to arrange Capital, but it doesn＇t mean that his practical work is infallible. Moreover, Marx reserves some of his views regarding Engels in this respect. Far from vulgarizing Marx, an acknowledgement of the more average side him is the prerequisite to understand his thoughts. Perceiving the dissent between Marx and Engels is exactly one irreplaceable way to comprehend Marx through Engels.