运动员竞技能力系统演化的自组织机制研究

Organization mechanism research on athletes' athletic ability system

运动员竞技能力因其众多要素之间的复杂关系,难以用传统演绎和线性思维方式研究其整体演化过程,自组织理论为研究运动员竞技能力的演化过程提供了有效的途径。研究认为,充分开放是竞技能力系统得以形成、维护和发展的前提条件;在小周期原则下,根据竞技能力变化的周期性特征和不同比赛级别,通过调整正负熵流,竞技能力系统从无序到有序往复演化,运动成绩表现为周期性特征;正负熵流的输入选择一定要以运动员竞技能力持续发展为前提;竞技能力系统演化的序参量为遗传特征,它役使着竞技体育构成的整个过程;竞技能力系统的演化过程呈非线性特征。

Because of the factors＇ complex relations, the athletes＇ athletic ability is difficult to study in the whole evolution developing process through the traditional deduction and the linear thinking way. Organization theory provides the effective way for researching the athletes＇ athletic ability . In this paper, the prerequisites of athletic ability is a full open system; Using the smallcycle principle and adjustment of plus or minus entropy,the athletic ability system is changed from disorder to order; the prerequisite of positive and negative entropy input is sustainable development; Athletic ability is parameters for the sequence of genetic characteristics, which is the throughout process in sports ; Athletic ability evolution of the system has non - linear characteristics.