山东省滨州市大雾气候变化特征分析

Analysis of Climatic Change Characters of Heavy Fog in Binzhou of Shandong Province

利用山东省滨州市1971～2000年大雾资料,分析山东省滨州市大雾的空间分布以及年际变化、日变化特征和大雾的持续时间变化特征,分析近10年11月～次年2月的地面风场、相对湿度以及连续性变化特征。结果表明,大雾的年际变化较大,总体呈增多趋势;11月～次年2月为大雾多发期,多发期大雾覆盖范围大,持续大雾天气比较容易出现;6月大雾次数最少,出现于凌晨到上午9时,其持续时间也最短。在11、12、1月中,以6时～9时出现大雾的次数最多,5～6时是大雾形成的高峰期。1、2月份以局地性大雾为主,连续出现的几率较小;而11、12月出现持续性大雾天气的几率较大,最长连续出现日数达9d。绝大多数雾日08时的风速在3m/s或以下,雾日前1天20时相对湿度大多≥70%。

This paper analyzed the change characters of spatial distribution, interannual variability, daily variability and heavy fog duration based on the heavy fog data of Binzhou from 1971 to 2000 as well as the change characters of surface wind field, relative humidity and continuities change from November to next February in the near 10 years. The results showed that the interannual heavy fog variability was great, and the annual number of heavy fog days had an increasing trend. The heavy fog always occurred between November and next February, during this time, large area was covered with heavy fog and the persistent heavy fog happened more frequently. But it was the least in June, appearing from early morning to 9：00 am., and its persistence time was the shortest. During the three months of November, December and January, the heavy fog happened mostly from 6：00 am. to 9：00 am., and it formed mainly from 5：00 am. to 6：00 am.. It was mainly the partial heavy fog and the probability of persistent heavy fog was small in January and February, while the persistent heavy fog occurred more frequently in November and December, and it even persisted 9 days as the longest. The wind speed at 8：00 am. of most heavy fog days was no more than 3 m/s, and the relative humidity at 20：00 of the day before the fog was always equal to or above 70 %.