某市部分外来女工亚健康状态及其影响因素研究

Study on the Sub-health Status and Corresponding Risk Factors of Some Female Migrant Workers in Shenzhen

目的:探讨深圳市外来女工亚健康状况及其危险因素,为预防亚健康提供科学依据。方法:采用统一表格对564名某市部分外来女工进行问卷调查。结果:外来女工亚健康状态发生率为67.91%,不同年龄组的外来女工之间亚健康的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。作业环境有高温、粉尘、噪音和刺激性气体会使外来女工亚健康的发生率升高,其亚健康发生率分别为63.06%,75.18%,70.37%,72.50%。外来女工亚健康的发生与睡眠质量不佳、经常加班、工作环境不良、有痛经以及与上级关系不妥有关,与吸烟、饮酒等因素无相关,而文化程度高可降低亚健康的发生。结论:外来女工中普遍存在亚健康状态,不利的工作环境更易于导致其亚健康的发生,故应加强对外来女工工作环境的监督,提高其健康水平。

Objective To investigate the sub - health status and corresponding risk factors of female migrant workers in Shenzhen and thus provide scientific basis on the prevention of sub - health. Methods：564 participated in our investigation by means of questionnaire and the results were analyzed with SAS8e software. Results： Our results indicate that 67.91% of the 564 female volunteer migrant workers are affected by sub-health, the incidence of which doesnt vary with age. Those working at an environment such as with either high temperature, or dust, noise, irritant gas are prone to sub - health with an calculated incidence of 63.06%, 75.18%, 70.37% , 72.50% respectively. Our results also suggest that sub - health is related to poor sleep quality, frequent overtime work, bad work environment, dysmenorrhoea, and tension from the superior but not related to other factors such as smoking and drinking. Education at higher levels appears to be a factor contributing negatively towards the onset of sub - health. Conclusion ： It is a common problem for female migrant workers to be affected by sub - health, which is of no doubt either elicited or aggravated by adverse environment at work. Therefore, more supervising effort should be made to ensure maintaining a proper environment at work for female migrant workers so as to improve their health status.