树木根系固土力学机制研究综述

Root reinforcement of soil:a review

近30 a来,由于科学技术的发展和生态环境建设的需要,根系固坡力学机制研究成为学科交叉的新领域。鉴于此,概述了近30 a来固土力学机制的研究进展及今后研究方向。综观根系固坡的研究历程,研究集中在林木根系抗拉、锚固、根系-土壤复合体提高抗剪强度等方面。今后应加强对根系纤维素、半纤维素的定量分析,探讨不同植物根系弹性、抗拉力及应力-应变关系的差异,加强水土保持树种搭配的理论研究,从不同力学特性的根系相搭配的角度来研究根系固土护坡的功效。在边坡的稳定方面,应用有限单元方法研究根土复合体边坡的应力场、位移场的变化及边坡的稳定性情况,并用有限元的方法解决实际生产中的边坡造林中树种选择、造林密度等问题。

Because of advances in science and technology as well as the need for ecological and environmental development, research on root reinforcement of soil within the last 30 years has become a new muhidisciplinary field. Thus, this article summarizes the progress of the preceding 3 decades and future considerations for research direction concerning root reinforcement in soils. Early studies on soil bioengineering stabilization mainly concentrated on root anti-tensile strength, its anchoring force, and the root-soil composite for increasing shear strength. However, future study should focus on： 1 ） quantitative analysis of cellulose and hemicellulose in the root system, 2） discussion on elasticity of different plant root systems, 3） differences in stretch resistance and stress-strain relationships, 4） the theory behind balancing water and soil conservation of plant species, and 5） the efficiency of root reinforcement in soils from the aspect of different mechanical characteristics. For slope stability, areas of study should include： 1 ） stress field, 2） stability of the slope to be afforested, and 3） for the slope to be planted, selection of the best tree species and planting density for optimum production. [Ch, 36 ref. ]