深圳城市热岛研究

Study on urban heat island effect in Shenzhen

作为我国发展速度最快、城市化程度最高的地区之一,深圳已明显发现城市热岛效应。选取深圳气象局设立的19个自动气象站2004年全年非降水日逐日各时刻正点的温度数据进行了分析,并比较了它们的区域差异。结果显示,深圳的城市热岛呈现出明显的多中心现象,全年热岛强度平均值高达2.6℃。对热岛强度值日变化的分析发现,13-18点是全天热岛强度最大的时段,与一天中的温度最高时段相符。对各季热岛强度日变化的分析发现,春夏季在午后至傍晚时段热岛强度较大,秋冬季在中午至午后时段热岛强度较大。深圳在少雨的冬半年热岛发展较稳定,变化规律性也比较明显,说明降水、有风等天气要素对热岛发展有很大的影响。

The urban heat island effect in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, is becoming obvious because of the high speed economic development and urban expansion. Several heat islands are investigated by the temperature data measured at the 19 automatic meteorological stations in Shenzhen in 2004. The annual mean heat island intensity in Shenzhen can be 2.6℃. And the maximum of heat island intensity appears at one to six pm in tbe day cycle but the time of this maximum is different with seasons. In spring and summer the maximum is at the period from afternoon to evening and from noon to afternoon in autumn and winter. Moreover in half a year of winter with few of rain from October to next March, heat island in Shenzhen has a stable development and an obvious change regularity and it means that the synoptic factors such as precipitation and rain affect the development of heat island considerablly.