“学区体育”的理想构建与“场域”分割的现实困境

Ideal construction of"school community physical education"and realistic dilemma of"territory"division

近年来,我国一些地区在探索和建立"学区体育"模式方面做了不少尝试,但学区体育构建的理想模式在实际运作过程中并不顺畅。通过文献资料和实地考察对这一问题进行系统的回顾、原因分析与对策研究,认为从理论上推断:社区和学校都具有建构学区体育的动力,但事实上却存在难以运行的困境。因此着重以社会学"场域"的视角进行解读,认为:学校与社区间"场域"的分割是学区体育难以统合的主要原由。即从总体上看,学校是一个特殊的场域,难以与闲散的社区相交融;从学校场域来看,体育在学校所处的地位,并不占据中心;而在学校体育方面,课外体育活动同样处于边缘地位,因此社区体育的学校准入便成为难题。

In recent years, a number of attempts have been made in exploring and establishing the ＂school community physical education＂ mode in some areas in China, but the ideal mode established for school community physical education was not working so well in the process of actual operation. By means of literature data and field investigation, the author carried out systematic review, cause analysis and countermeasures study on such an issue, and theoretically concluded that communities and schools are provided with the power to establish school community sports, but it is in fact difficult to implement school community physical education. Therefore, the author focused on interpreting the issue from the perspective of ＂territory＂ in sociology, and considered that the division of ＂territory＂ between schools and communities is the main cause for the difficulty to unify school community physical education, i.e. from the perspective of overall situation, school is in general a special territory, difficult to blend into easy going communities; from the perspective of school territory, physical education is not critically important for schools; while in terms of scholastic physical education, extracurricular sports activities are nothing important as well. Therefore, the school admittance for community sports becomes a problem.