元杂剧搽旦角色的喜剧审美特征探微

comic aesthetic features of chandan in zaju of Yuan Dynasty

搽旦角色主要扮演性格恶毒、乖戾、淫荡、滑稽的女性。在元杂剧中为不司唱的次要角色,主要以科诨组场,其舞台表演主要表现出刁钻、凶悍、泼辣、诙谐、风趣的特征。通过自炫为美、自我揭丑、自我贬抑来揭示丑的本质,从而揭示生活的底蕴,使观众在嘲弄、讽刺的笑声中获得审美的愉悦。其喜剧风格体现了鲜明的民族特征,产生了庄谐互济,寓庄于谐的艺术效应。

Chadan mainly acts as a female role that is vicious, perverse, lascivious and amusing in a drama. It is a minor role in zaju^1 of Yuan Dynasty, In the stage, chadan is mostly crafty, fierce, tough, shrewish and jocular; by showing off herself, exposing her own ugliness, and depreciating herself, it exposes the nature of ugliness and further the details of lives, and thus makes the audience obtain aesthetic pleasure in their mocking and ridiculous laughter. This kind of comic style causes an artistic effect with gravity and humor interacting each other.