生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白/透明质酸/磷酸丝氨酸仿生复合支架的成骨及矿化效应

Effect of a biomimetic composite scaffold of bioglass/collagen/phosphatidyl serine/hyaluronic acid on induction of bone formation and mineralization

背景:研制具有结构与功能化仿生作用的骨修复替代材料,应在模拟体内细胞生长环境中进行。目的:观察生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白/透明质酸/磷酸丝氨酸仿生复合支架材料植入体内后诱导成骨和促进矿化的能力。设计、时间及地点:随机对照动物实验,于2005-06/2006-02在南方医科大学珠江医院血液科实验室完成。材料:生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白/透明质酸/磷酸丝氨酸支架、生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白支架和58S生物玻璃支架为自制。40只健康成年日本大耳白兔制造两侧桡骨10mm骨缺损模型。干预:将40只模型兔随机分成4组,生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白/透明质酸/磷酸丝氨酸组12只、生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白组12只、58S生物玻璃组12只分别植入相应支架材料,空白对照组4只不植入任何物质。主要观察指标:检测植入材料2,4,8,12周后缺损部位X射线、硬组织切片、骨形成率和矿化沉积率。结果:40只模型兔80条桡骨全部进入结果分析。①术后所有动物伤口愈合良好,未发生骨折。②生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白/透明质酸/磷酸丝氨酸组术后4周硬组织切片可见大量玫瑰红色新骨和绿色骨小梁形成,术后12周支架已基本由新生骨组织替代,哈弗系统形成;术后8周X射线显示骨皮质连接完整,12周缺损完全修复,髓腔基本再通。③生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白/透明质酸/磷酸丝氨酸组术后4周的矿化沉积率和新骨形成速率比58S生物玻璃组高出了2.85倍和3.16倍,且明显优于生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白组(P<0.001)。结论:生物活性玻璃/胶原蛋白/透明质酸/磷酸丝氨酸仿生复合支架在诱导成骨和促进生物矿化方面性能优越,其矿化机制有待进一步观察探讨。

BACKGROUND： By simulating growing environment of ceils in the body, a new artificial bone graft substitute material is developed, with structural and functional biomimetic effect. OBJECTIVE： To observe in vivo effect of the biomimetic composite scaffold of bioglassdcollagerdphosphatidyl serine/hyaluronic acid （BG-COL-PS-HYA） on induction of bone formation and mineralization. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The random controlled animal experiment was conducted in the Hematology Laboratory of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University from June 2005 to February 2006. MATERIALS： BG-COL-PS-HYA scaffold, BG-COL scaffold and 58S BG scaffold were all self-made. Forty healthy adult Japan rabbits were used to create 10-mm bone defect models in 80 radiuses. INTERVENTION： Totally 40 rabbits were randomized into four groups： BG-COL-PS-HYA group （n=12）, BG-COL group （n=12）, 58S BG group （n=12） and blank control group （n=4）. The defect areas were implanted with corresponding grafts, while the blank control group was untreated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： At weeks 2, 4, 8 and 12 after operation, X-ray examination, hard tissue slicing, determination of bone formation rate （BFR） and mineral apposition rate （MAR） were all performed. RESULTS： All 40 rabbits （80 radiuses） were involved in the result analysis. （1） Intention was well in all animals after operation and there was no fracture. （2） Four weeks after operation, a large quantity of rosy newly formed bone and green bone trabecula were showed in the BG-COL-PS-HYA group. At week 12, scaffold materials was substituted by new bone tissues basically, and Haversian system was visible. Eight weeks after operation, the results of X-ray film revealed that cortical bone was fully connected. At week 12, defects were fully repaired and medullary cavity was recanalized. （3） At week 4 after operation, the BFR and MAR in the BG-COL-PS-HYA group was 2.85 times and 3.16 times of that in the 58S BG group, respectively, which was obviously better than that in the BG-COL group （P 〈 0.001）. CONCLUSION： The BG-COL-PS-HYA biomimetic composite scaffold shows excellent characteristics in induction of bone formation and mineralization. But its biomineralization mechanism still needs further research.