北京周边保护性耕作防治土壤风蚀效果监测研究

Monitoring and Test of Wind Erosion in Farm Land around Beijing

利用中农采样器对北京周边典型农作区春季土壤风蚀进行了监测。结果分析表明:延庆和大兴的留茬覆盖比传统翻耕分别减少风蚀量31.51%和45.61%;昌平免耕比耙耕减少风蚀量13.43%。如按年风蚀天数100天计算,延庆免耕地和翻耕地年风蚀量分别为8.45t/hm2和12.337t/hm2;大兴免耕地和翻耕地年风蚀量分别为3.073t/hm2和5.65t/hm2;昌平免耕与耙耕相比,年风蚀量分别为5.578t/hm2和6.443t/hm2。说明裸露农田风蚀对北京市大气环境质量具有重要影响,保护性耕作可以明显减少农田扬沙扬尘,为北京周边推广保护性耕作技术体系提供了科学的依据。

The experiment was conduced in farmland in around Beijing during wind erosion season. The main result was as following： Wind erosion amount of field with straw cover reduced 31.5%and 45.61% than traditional field in Yanqing and Daxing, Wind erosion amount of field with straw cover reduced 13.43% than horrow field in Changping. If calculate by 100 erosion days, the wind erosion amount of no-tilled and traditional tillage field in Yanqing are 8.45t/hm^2 and 12.33t/hm^2 respectively, in Daxing are 3.073t/hm^2 and 5.65 t/hm^2, the wind erosion amount of no-tilled and traditional tillage field in Yanqing are 5.578t/hm^2 and 6.443 t/hm^2 respectively.