青藏铁路冻土地温自动检测系统及其关键技术

Critical Technologies in the Automatic Ground Temperature Detection System Used in the Permafrost of Qinghai-Tibet Railway

针对青藏铁路格拉段的自然环境特点,研发基于热敏电阻的高精度地温自动检测系统。检测系统由数据采集设备、手持数据转储设备、无线数据传输设备和管理计算机4部分组成。检测系统采用恒流源电路和比值法测量电阻提高数据采集的精度,利用差动放大屏蔽导线电阻和多路开关导通内阻的影响,通过休眠状态的设计和电源管理实现系统的低功耗运行。该系统安装在青藏铁路沿线的10个冻土地温观测断面中,并于2006年8月开始运行,采集的数据量大、精确,实现了自动化检测。检测系统的核心采集模块通用性很好,可以方便地移植到其他应用领域。

Considering the natural environment of Golmud to Lhasa area of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, we developed a high-accuracy automatic ground temperature detection system based on thermal resistor. The system consists of four parts, data acquisition device, portable data transfer device, wireless data transfer device and management computer. The detection system adopts the circuit of constant current source and the ratio method to measure the resistances and improve the precision for data acquisition. The difference amplifier avoids the influence of wire resistance and the output load resistance of multiplexers. The design of idle mode and power management has reduced the system power consumption. The system, installed at 10 permafrost observation sections along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, was put into operation from August 2006 and collected abundant and accurate data from field, and realized automatic detection. Its critical technologies are general and can be easily transplanted to other applications.