我国城镇居民劳动参与率状况与成因——基于微观数据的经验研究

Status and Causes of the Urban Residents' Labor Force Participation——Evidence from the Micro Data in China

以城镇人口调查数据为微观基础,利用非线性二元选择性的Probit回归模型对我国城镇劳动参与的状况及成因进行了详细的分析。模型估计结果表明,劳动参与率偏低一方面是由于宏观经济调整,但更重要的原因在于存在大量因缺乏劳动竞争力而退出劳动力市场的沮丧者。为了有效改善这种状况,重建劳动者的市场参与信心是尤为重要的,为此,我们有针对性地提出如下建议:(1)再就业培训是提高劳动者竞争力的有效途径;(2)通过鼓励创业和发展中小企业创造新的工作岗位;(3)社区就业是拓展再就业的重要渠道。

Based on the urban population micro survey data and nonlinear binary selective Probit regression model,this paper made a detailed analysis of China＇s urban labor force participation and its causes. The estimation result show that the major reason of the low participation in China is that there are a lot of frustrated workers due to lack of competitiveness of the labor.To improve the situation effectively,this paper suggests to improve the quality of workers concretely and to provide more job opportunities.