青海春小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基分子标记辅助回交选择

Molecular Marker-Assisted Backcross Selection on HWM-GS of Spring Wheat Cultivars in Qinghai

为了改良青海省现有小麦主栽品种的品质性状,以青海省春小麦主栽品种青春533和高原602为轮回亲本,以具有1Dx5+1Dy10基因且综合性状良好的宁春4号为非轮回亲本,利用与1Dx5基因共分离的PCR分子标记对BC1F1、BC2F1和BC3F1植株进行目标基因检测;将筛选到的具有1Dx5基因的BC3F1植株进行自交,获得了BC3F2种子,利用SDS-PAGE电泳对BC3F2种子进行HMW-GS分析,分别从青春533×宁春4号和高原602×宁春4号的BC3F2中筛选出5粒和2粒具有纯合5+10亚基的种子,且中选植株的农艺性状基本接近轮回亲本。

In order to select spring wheat lines of high yield and good quality, Qingchun 533 and Plateau 602 which were main cultivars in Qinghai province were used as recurrent parents, Ningchun 4 with excellent agronomic traits was used as 1DX5 ＋ 1DY10 gene donor. Target genes were screened and individuals with targent gene were selected in BC1F1 ; BC2Fl ; BC3F1 by using a PCR molecular marker co-segregated with 1DX5 gene. The selected BC3F1 which carried 1DX5 gene were selfed to produce BC3F2, SDS-PAGE analysis was carried out to detect the presence of 1DX5 among the proge- ny of （Qingchun 533×Ningchun 4） and 2 plants from progeny of （Plateau 602×Ningchun 4） containing homozygous 5＋10 subunits were acquired, respectively, and the agronomic traits of these selected plants were similar to recurrent parents in general. It is shown that molecular assisted selection, along with biochemical marker and phenotypic selection, is a quick and effective method for transferring of good quality HMW-GS into common wheat cultivars by backcross. It is hopeful that new cultivars with good quality and high yield will be developed in the near future using this research system.