不同小麦品种对磷素吸收利用的差异

Differences of Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency among Different Wheat Varieties

为探讨不同小麦品种间磷素吸收利用和收获指数的差异,筛选磷高效型品种,以山东省不同时期30个主要推广品种为材料,在两种肥力条件下,研究了磷素在不同品种各器官中的含量,并对磷素利用效率和磷收获指数进行了聚类分析。结果表明,不同品种间整株和各器官中磷含量存在极显著差异,且随着土壤肥力的提高而提高,其中以茎叶提高幅度最大,籽粒提高幅度较小;不同品种间磷利用效率和收获指数存在极显著差异,高肥力下各品种平均磷利用效率和磷收获指数分别比低肥力下降低了10.22%和2.61个百分点。通过聚类筛选出4个在高低两肥力下磷利用效率和收获指数均较高的品种;5个仅磷素利用效率高的品种,其中一个只适于高肥地,一个只适于低肥地;四个仅磷收获指数高的品种,其中有两个只适于高肥地。

For investigating the differences of phosphorus utilization efficiency （PUE） and phosphorus harvest index （PHI）among different wheat varieties, and screening phosphorus-efficient varieties, under high and low fertility soil conditions, 30 wheat varieties selected from different periods in Shan-dong Province were used as materials and phosphorus content in various organs were analysed. The results showed that the difference of phosphorus contents in whole plant and various organs among those wheat varieties were highly significant. And the phosphorus content in various organs increased with the improvement of soil fertility,and that in stems and leaves increased more than that in grain. The differences of PUE and PHI among different wheat varieties were highly significant. The average of PUE and PHI under high soil fertility decreased 10.22% and 2.61 percenage poines than that under low soil fertility,but the HI increased 3.70%. By clustering, four higher PUE and higher PHI varieties suited under two fertilities, five higher PUE varieties and four higher PHI varieties.