转ScMV-CP基因甘蔗对土壤微生物的影响

Effects of Transgenic Sugarcane of ScMV-CP Gene on the Soil Microbe

通过盆栽、田间种植及人工残体掩埋,利用BIOLOG EcoplateTM微平板(BIOLOG Inc.,USA)结合微生物的平板培养及相关的土壤酶活性分析研究了转ScMV-CP基因甘蔗对根际土壤微生物的影响。结果表明:在盆栽和田间种植时,转基因甘蔗根际土壤的细菌总数增加,但差异不明显。转基因甘蔗对根际土壤放线菌总数没有影响,但显著提高了根际土壤真菌总数。在转基因甘蔗根际土壤中的脲酶活性显著比非转基因甘蔗的高;土壤蔗糖酶的活性比对照的低,但差异不显著。转基因甘蔗对磷酸单脂酶的活性影响很小。转基因甘蔗残体掩埋对土壤微生物和土壤酶活性没有影响;BIOLOG Ecoplate接种96h后土壤微生物多样性指数分析显示,除了在田间种植时,转基因甘蔗根际细菌生理群分布的均匀度显著下降(p<0.01)外,土壤微生物的Simpson指数(D')、Shannon-Wiener指数(H')、Mclntosh指数(DMc)等多样性指数均差异不明显。初步研究结果表明,转基因甘蔗对土壤微生物的数量和均匀度有一定影响,但对其活性和多样性则影响不明显。

Effects of transgenic sugarcane of ScMV-CP gene on the soil microbe were studied by using BIOLOG Ecoplate and plate cultivation of microorganism, together with an analysis of related soil enzyme activities under pot experiment, field trial and bury trial. The results showed that under pot experiment and field trial, the total CUFs of bacteria cultured in the rhizosphere soil of transgenic sugarcane were slightly higher than those of the non-transgenic sugarcane, but the difference was not significant. The total CUFs of fungi cultured in the soil of transgenic plant were significantly higher than those of non-transgenic plant, but the total CUFs of actinomycetes were almost the same in the rhizosphere soil of both transgenic and non-transgenic sugarcane. The urease activities in the rhizosphere soil of transgenic sugarcane were significantly higher, and the sucrase activities in soil were slightly lower than those of the non-transgenic sugarcane. The transgenic sugarcane did not influence phosphatase activities. Under bury trial, the total CUFs of the cultured microbe, and the soil enzyme activities were not different from each other. Soil microbe diversity indexes were analyzed after 96h of inoculation in BIOLOG Ecoplate, and the results indicated that Simpson index （D＇）, Shannon-Wiener index（H＇）, Mclntosh index（DMc） of microbe diversity were not different from each other except that the evenness of the microbe community was lower significantly in the rhizosphere soil of transgenic sugarcane. These primary results indicated that transgenic sugarcane had some effects on quantity and evenness of soil bacteria, but had no significant effects on bio-activities and biodiversity of soil bacteria.