中华稻蝗对植物挥发性化学物质的触角电生理和行为反应

Electroantennogram and Behavioral Responses of Oxya chinensis (Orthoptera:Acrididae) to Plant Volatiles

采用触角电位仪(EAG)和Y型嗅觉仪测定了中华稻蝗6龄若虫和成虫对9种植物挥发性化学物质的嗅觉和行为反应。EAG反应结果表明,中华稻蝗成虫对9种植物挥发性化学物质的反应值均低于6龄若虫,其中对顺-3-己烯-1-醇的EAG反应值6龄若虫显著高于成虫,对香叶醇的EAG反应6龄雌性若虫显著高于成虫及雄性若虫。1-戊醇可引发中华稻蝗雌、雄6龄若虫间显著的EAG反应差异,雌、雄成虫对9种挥发性化合物的EAG反应表现一致。行为测定结果表明,除6龄雄虫外,中华稻蝗其他各虫态对反-2-己烯醛和乙酸顺-3-己烯酯2种化合物均表现出显著的行为趋性。中华稻蝗对香叶醇的EAG反应和行为反应相一致。对水稻、稗草和马唐3种寄主植物的行为反应测定结果表明,中华稻蝗雌性成虫和雌性6龄若虫对马唐存在显著的行为趋向性,而所有试虫对水稻和稗草却表现出随机选择效应。因此,香叶醇很有可能会在中华稻蝗对寄主植物的定向行为中发挥重要作用,而对寄主植物的选择性可能会影响中华稻蝗雌虫的生长发育及产卵行为。

Olfactory and behavioral responses of the sixth instar nymphs and adults of Oxya chinensis to 9 odours from volatile compounds were tested using electroantennogram （EAG） techniques and a glass Y-tube olfactometer respectively. Measurement of the EAG responses to the 9 plant volatiles showed that the absolute EAG values of adults were much lower than those of the sixth instar hoppers. The Z-3-hexen-1-ol elicited significant stronger EAG responses of the sixth instar hoppers than of the adults. Geraniol elicited the highest EAG responses of the female sixth instar hoppers but not of the adults and the male sixth instar hoppers. The EAG comparison between female and male showed that only 1-pentanol elicited significant EAG difference between the female and the male sixth instar hoppers. Female and male adults had similar EAG response profiles to the 9 plant volatiles. Measurement of behavioral response of O. chinensis to the 9 plant volatiles by using Y-tube olfactometer showed that all the adults and the female sixth instar hoppers had significant orientation responses to E-2-hexenal and Z- 3-hexenyl acetate except the male sixth instar hoppers. The behavior orientation of the nymphs and the adults to geraniol was consistent with that of their EAG responses. The female adult and the female sixth intar nymphs were observed to have significant behavior orientation to Digitaria sanguinalis （L.） but all the hoppers had only random response to the other two plants, Oxyza sativa L. and Echinochloa crusgalli （L.） Beauv under trial. These results suggested that geraniol could possibly have an important role in host location behavior of O. chinensis, which could possibly influence the development and ovipositing behavior of the female insect.