同步脱氮除磷新工艺处理校园生活污水

Novel process of simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater

针对国内现行工艺氮磷去除不能兼顾的现实,采用活性污泥、生物膜组合系统(活性污泥、生物膜培养采用原水→配水→待处理废水逐级诱导培养获得单池相对纯净的生物相,避免了硝化菌与聚磷菌的泥龄矛盾,利用反硝化聚磷"一碳两用"缓解了碳源竞争问题),并采用独特的聚磷污泥回流方式使全部聚磷菌污泥经历释磷、聚磷循环,克服了水体中氮磷去除不能兼顾的问题.运行结果表明,该工艺对校园生活污水有良好的处理效果,当进水的CODCr、NH4+-N、TN、PO43--P的平均浓度为349.84mg·L-1、32.28mg·L-1、35.76mg·L-1、6.45mg·L-1时,出水平均浓度为14.77mg·L-1、1.46mg·L-1、5.48mg·L-1、0.63mg·L-1,平均去除率分别为95.7%、95.12%、84.45%、92.01%.长期的运行表明此工艺对氮磷有稳定的去除效果,出水水质满足国家《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002一级B标准)要求.

Current processes adopting activated sludge combined with bio-films to treat wastewater are inefficient in phosphorus and nitrogen removal. Sludge and bio-films were progressively cultured as original water→mixed water and wastewater→wastewater to get comparatively pure biota in a single reactor. The cultured microorganisms solved the problem of SRT between nitrifying bacteria and phosphorus-removing bacteria. Simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal can relieve the competition for organics as well. A special phosphorus sludge backflow was used to cause the total phosphorus sludge to undergo a cycle of phosphorus release and phosphorus uptake which addressed the problem that phosphorus and nitrogen cannot be removed together. Results of long term operation with low TKNP/CODcr ratio domestic wastewater showed phosphorus and nitrogen removal efficiencies as follows： when the influent CODcr, NH4 -N,TN,and PO43- -P average concentrations were 349.84 mg·L^-1 , 32.28 mg·L^-1 ,35.76 mg·L^-1 ,and 6.45 mg·L^-1 , the concentrations in the effluent were 14.77 mg·L^-1 , 1.46 mg·L^- 1 ,5.48 mg· L^- 1 , and 0, 63 mg· L^- 1. Thus, the average removal rates were 95.7% ,95.12% ,84.45%, and 92.01%. This process shows that long -term operation of a stable nitrogen and phosphorus removal system is feasible. The characteristics of thte eff/uent satisfied the Discharge Standard Of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants （GB18918-2002 primary standard B）.