试论矿井突(涌)水系统及其研究方法

On water inrush or invasion system of coal mines and its research methodology

为有效预测预报突（涌）水事故、有针对性实施防治水方案，必须建立其理论体系并探索理论与买践统一的研究方法。按照系统论的观点，采矿过程中的突（涌）水，其要素具有特定功能，且相互联系的有机整体具有系统的五个基本特征，因此可以构成完整突（涌）水系统，且属于具有自组织机能的岩体结构系统与地下工程、地下水干扰系统相互作用下的运动系统。应用唯物辩证法的认识论和方法论，从自组织思想和本质安全化认识观点出发，以岩体结构控制论为基础，采用现代岩体力学、岩体水力学的理论为指导，将岩体结构、地下水、地质32程纳入到突水系统的范畴进行统一研究，是研究突（涌）水系统的思想方法；要实现上述思想，应采用如下具体技术路线：用岩体力学分析原理及方法建立地质体的本构模型，采取力学分析和数值模拟方法探讨系统的整体功能，揭示突水机理，概化突水模式，判别突水可能性；用岩体水力学的分析原理与方法建立地下水运动系统模型，应用耦合技术，建立流（地下水）-固（岩体结构）耦合突水系统模型，预测突（涌）水量。

For water inrush being effectively forecasted and water prevention projects being implemented, its system info must be set up and research methods of theory combined with practice be studied. According to viewpoints of system, there are special function for elements of water inrush happened in mining, there are five basic characteristics of system in organic macrocosm, so that water inrush system can be made up of and the system belongs to the movement system of rock mass structure system with self-organized function acting with interfere system of underground engineering and groundwater. Unified research of rock mass structure and groundwater as well as geologic engineering in category of water inrush system is made by dialectic epistemology and methodology being applied, with view of self-organized ideology and constitutionally safety, based on cybernetics of rock mass structure, modern rock mass mechanics and rock mass hydraulics being used, that is the research thoughtway of the system. Technologic courses are applied as follow for that thoughtway being realized ： constitutive models of geologic system are set up by analysis principle and methods of rock mass mechanics, full functions of system are studied, mechanism of water inrush is opened out, and its patterns are generalized, its possibility is distinguished using mechanics analysis and numerical modeling methods. Models of groundwater system are set up by methods of rock mass hydraulics, liquid and solid coupled models of water inrush system are set up by coupled technique and water volume is forecasted.