狂欢与对话:《西游记》主题一解——《西游记》狂欢化的精神基质

Carnival and Dialogue: An Understanding to the Theme of A Journey to the West

借助巴赫金的狂欢化理论从一种新的视角对《西游记》进行了解析,颠覆了传统的思维模式,将高贵与卑下、神圣与滑稽、高雅与粗俗、悲剧因素和喜剧因素等相互接近或融为一体,打破界限、填平鸿沟,使各种语言众声喧哗、平等对话,表明狂欢小说的未完成性、开放性和多义性。在此基础上从狂欢化的精神基质、结构形态和民俗学上的意义等方面探讨了《西游记》的狂欢意识。

Adopting Buhtin＇s theory of carnivalization, this paper offers a new understanding to A Journey to the West, reversing the traditional way of thinking and making a polyphonic dialogue between what is noble and humble, sacred and funny, graceful and vulgar, and comic and tragic. The polyphonic features of the novel demonstrate the openness, infinality and polysemy of a carnival novel. It holds that A Journey to the West is such kind of novel, and clarifies its carnival features from the spiritual basis, structural morphology and folklore.