语言间多义成语的等值问题

The Equal Value of Polysemous Set Phrases among Languages

在对比成语学的研究中,多义成语的对比研究是不容忽视的,且对比多义成语的前提就是要先弄清语言间多义成语的等值问题。在对比语言间多义成语等值时,应该从成语所表达的每一个具体的意义出发,而不应该从成语的整体出发。通过对俄汉多义成语进行对比分析,指出俄汉语中仅有少数相对应的多义成语能构成语义完全等值,多数相对应的多义成语只能构成语义部分等值,且它们之间的关系通常表现为包含关系或同义关系。

The contrastive study on the polysemous set phrases can not be overlooked in the field of contrastive phraseology. Moreover, the equal value ofpolysemous set phrases among languages is the prerequisite for the study on the contrastive polysemous set phrases. We hold that the study should begin with every specific meaning a set phrase conveys but not the set phrase as a whole when we contrast the equal value ofpolysemous set phrases among languages. Via the contrastive analysis of Russian and Chinese polysemous set phrases, we conclude that only a few of the corresponding set phrases in Russian and Chinese are completely semantically equal in value, while most of the corresponding set phrases could only be partially equal, the relationship between which is usually inclusive or synonymous.