西方“公民文化”之政治文化传统论评

On Political Culture Tradition of Western "Citizen Culture"

西方"公民文化"之政治文化传统是人类政治文明的组成部分。其公民文化从古代、经欧洲中世纪至近现代,经历长期涵养涵育过程,其前提是公民身份在商品经济持续发展和民主政治曲折发展基础上的确立,其内容主要是在西方社会历史条件下,公民自由、权利义务、民主和法治等政治价值观的树立。就其在各国的实现而言,至今离其理想诉求和理念要求差距仍很大;但从普遍可以借用、借鉴的概念、理念、意识、观念而言,值得认真研究,吸取其理论和实践上的有益成果为我所用,其重视公民文化建设的经验也应引以为参考。

The political culture tradition of western ＂citizen culture＂ is one part of the political civilization of human beings. Its citizen culture, from the ancient times to the Dark Ages till modern times, is experiencing a long- term development process. Its premise is the foundation of citizen identity on the persisting development of merchandise economy and the twisting development of democracy. Its content is mainly the setting up of the political values such as civil liberties, rights and obligations, democracy and rule of law etc. under the Western social and historical condition. For its realization in all countries, there is still a long way to go to reach its ideal claim and principle request. But regarding to the borrowed and referred concept, principle, idea, it is worth studying so that its beneficial results of theories and practice can be used by us. Also, its experience of valuing the construction of citizen culture should be made reference to.