抗旱性不同的高原春小麦品种α-淀粉酶活性和胚芽鞘长度的研究

Studies on α-amylase Activity and Coleoptile Length in Plateau Spring Wheat Varieties with Different Drought Resistance

[目的]为小麦抗旱育种提供依据。[方法]通过非干旱胁迫与干旱胁迫萌发试验,研究抗旱性不同的高原春小麦品种胚芽鞘长度与α-淀粉酶活性的变化规律及其相互关系。[结果]非干旱胁迫下,抗旱性强的品种胚芽鞘长度均大于干旱敏感的品种;萌发试验60 h或72 h时各品种α-淀粉酶活性达最大,之后迅速下降。干旱胁迫下,干旱敏感的品种胚芽鞘生长受到的抑制作用更加明显;抗旱性强的品种α-淀粉酶活性高于干旱敏感的品种。干旱胁迫下α-淀粉酶活性与胚芽鞘长度呈显著相关(P<0.05),相关系数为0.675。[结论]小麦抗旱育种应选择胚芽鞘较长和干旱胁迫下α-淀粉酶活性受抑制程度较小的基因型。

[ Objective ] The aim of the research was to provide the basis for the drought-resistant breeding of wheat. [ Method ] In the germination tests under drought stress and non-drought stress, the change law of coleoptile length and α-amylase activity in plateau spring wheat varieties with different drought stress and their interrelation were studied. [Result] Under non-drought stress, the coleoptile length in the varieties with strong drought resistance were all larger than that in the varieties with sensitivity to drought resistance. When the germination test was made for 60 or 72 h, α-amylase activities reached the maxiumum and then rapidly reduced. Under drought stress, the inhibition on the growth of coleoptile in the varieties with sensitivity to drought was more obvious. And the activity of α-amylase in the varieties with stronger drought resistance was higher than that in the varieties with sensitivity to drought. Under drought stress, the activity of α-amylase and the coleoptile length showed a significant correlation （ P 〈 0.05）, with the correlation coefficient of 0.675. [ Conclusion] In the drought-resistant breeding of wheat, the genotypes with longer coleoptiles and smaller inhibition degree of α-Amylase activity under drought stress should be selected.