育苗基质和穴盘规格对黄瓜幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Seedling Substrate Species and Plug Size on the Growth of Cucumber Seedlings

[目的]为推动蔬菜穴盘育苗技术的标准化奠定基础。[方法]选用3种常用基质(中药渣、有机活性基质和营养土)和5种规格的穴盘进行黄瓜的穴盘育苗试验,研究不同基质处理对黄瓜出苗率的影响以及不同基质处理和不同规格穴盘对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响。[结果]播种5 d后,使用中药渣基质的黄瓜出苗率最高(95%),有机活性基质和营养土次之。在育苗前期和后期,基质对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响均较大,其中有机活性基质对黄瓜幼苗的生长发育最为有利,而中药渣和营养土的效果较差,且差异不显著。穴盘规格对黄瓜幼苗的生长发育影响不大。5种穴盘规格都适于黄瓜育苗,以50孔穴盘效果较好。[结论]在黄瓜工业化育苗中,宜选用50孔穴盘。

[Objective] The research aimed to lay the foundation for promoting the standardization of vegetable plug seedling technology.[Method] Three kinds of common substrates（Chinese medicine residues,organic active substrate and nutrient soil） and 5 sizes of plugs were selected to make cucumber plug seedling test.The effects of different substrate treatments on the seedling emergence rate of cucumber and that of different substrate treatments and different plug sizes on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings were studied.[Result] When cucumber seeds were sowed 5 days later,the the seedling emergence rate of cucumber with Chinese medicine residues as substrate was highest（95%）,followed by organic active substrate and nutrient soil.In early and late seedling stage,the effects of substrate on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings were greater.Among them,organic active sbstrate was most favorable for the growth and development of cucumber seedlings,but the effects of Chinese medicine residues and nutrient soil were worse without significant difference.The effects of plug standards on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings were little.Five standards of plugs were all suitable for nursing the cucumber seedlings and the effect of 50-hole plug being better.[Conclusion] In the industrialized seedling of cucumber,it was suitable to select 50-hole plug.