1Pavalko, Ronald M. Sociology of Occupation and Professions [M]. Itasca, Ill: P.E. Peacock Publishers, Inc, 1971.26.
2Theodore, Caplow. The Sociology of Work [M].New York: McGraw-Hill Book co. 1964. 139. Robert Brown Bruegel. The Impact of Academic Tenure on Professional Performance [D]. A Dissertation of University of California, 1978.6.
3cf. Harold, L. Wilensky. The Professionalization of Everyone? [J]. American Journal of Sociology. 1964.
4Peter, Jarvis. Professional Education, London, Sydney, Dover, New Hampshire: Croom Helm. 1984. 25. The Impact of Academic Tenure on Professional Performance[D]. A Dissertation of University of California, 1978.14.
5茱丽·罗宾.《现代大学的形成》,贵州教育出版社,2004年,74页.
6Robert, L. Church. The Development of the Social Science as Academic Disciplines at Harvard University [D]. Unpublished PhD. Dissertation, Harvard University. 1965. 45.
7Greenwood, Ernest. Attributes of a Profession [A],Pavalko, Ronald M.ed. Sociological Perspectives on Occupations[C]. Itasca, Ill: F. E. Peacock Publishers, Inc, 1972.5.
8John Alexander, MacArthur Fergoson. The Development of Academic Tenure in American Higher Education, 1870-1915: Judicialization As A Response to A Changing Academic Environment [D]. A Dissertation of the University of Michigan. 1976. 165.
9cf. Merle, Curti and Roderich, Nash. Philanthropy in the Shaping of American Higher Education[M]. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1965.3.
10Anderson, Stanley Daniel. An analysis of The Meaning of Academic Freedom in American Higher Education, 1860-1920[D]. Dissertation of University of Minnesola. 1980.59.
