要素禀赋、中间产品与技术赶超作用机理

Factor Endowment,Intermediate Products and Mechanism of Technological Catch-Up

扩展的要素禀赋理论包括要素数量和要素质量两个维度,它们对后发经济收敛的机理是不一样的。借鉴中间品扩张模型,将要素数量和质量转化为中间投入品的数量和质量,通过中间投入品的数量扩张和质量提升对技术赶超的作用机理推导发现,后发国家实现技术赶超的速度取决于技术基础、要素的数量(包括人力资本的规模)、要素的质量指数及创新成本等,特别注意的是赶超速度与要素质量参数的关系是不确定的,要看要素质量与其他要素的匹配程度。最后提出了一些措施,以有效地促进技术赶超。

The expansion theory of factor endowments includes two dimensions, that is, the quantity and quality, which differs from the mechanism of the economic convergence. According to intermediate input model and transforming the quantity and quality of factors into the quantity and quality of intermediates, and through the deduction of the effects of quantity expansion and quality promotion on the mechanism of technological catch-up, this paper finds that the catching -up speed of the late-developing countries depends on their technological bases, factor quantity （ including human capital scale） and quality, and the innovation cost. It also indicates that the relationship between catching-up speed and factor quality parameters is indefinite. The speed depends on the matchup degree between the factor quality and other factors. Finally this article proposes some measures to promote the technology catch-up effectively.