乳牙末期、混合牙列初期前牙反前方牵引矫治疗效研究

Study on the effect of face-mask for the cross-bite at late stage of primary dentition or early stage of mixed dentition

目的:研究对乳牙末期、混合牙列初期前牙反的儿童早期施行前方牵引矫形治疗效果。方法:选取经前方牵引矫形治疗的29例前牙反患者(5～8岁)作为治疗组的研究对象,通过在X线头颅侧位定位片上对这些患者在治疗前(T0)和治疗结束时(T1)状况的比较,及这些患者治疗结束时与同龄的、未采取任何正畸治疗的前牙反患者的状况比较,分析前方牵引矫治的疗效。结果:①治疗组的患者矫治后在前牙反得到矫正的同时,T1期较T0期上颌骨有明显地长度增加、位置前移改变,下颌骨有明显的向后、向下旋转。②治疗组患者在T1期相对于未经矫治的同龄前牙反患者,上颌骨有明显增长、前移的特点,下颌骨的生长方向则没有明显的差异性。结论:对乳牙末期、混合牙列初期前牙反的儿童早期施行前方牵引矫形治疗,能起到改善面中部凹陷骨型的作用,是一种值得提倡的矫治方法。

Objective To study on the effect of face-mask for the cross-bite at late stage of primary dentition or early stage of mixed dentition. Methods 29 anterior cross-bite patients treated with face-mask were included in the treatment group. The therapeutic effect was analyzed by comparing the cephalometric state before treatment （T0） to the state after treatment （T1）. The effect was also analyzed by comparing the cephalometric state of the patients after treatment with the state of the anterior cross-bite patients at the same age without orthodontic treatment. Results In the treatment group, the cross-bite was corrected. Compared with T0 stage, the patients in T1 stage were significantly different in that the length of upper jaw increased, the position of the jaw proceed, as well as the lower jaw rotated down and backwards. Compared with the untreated patients, upper jaw length of the the patients in T1 stage was larger with more forward position. There was no significant difference at the growth direction of mandible in such comparison. Conclusion For the cross-bite at late stage of primary dentition or early stage of mixed dentition, the effect of improving the middle face deficiency could be obtained by the face mask treatment. It is suggested that the face mask should be recommended for such patients.