时空中的“前”、“后”认知

Cognition of "Qian" and "Hou" in Space and Time

空间"前"、"后"认知首先源于人们对自我身体特征和运动的感知,构成空间"前、后"认知的主体参照策略。自身"前、后"的认知特点会投射到其他空间事物而成为人们认知这些客体"前、后"的标准,从而形成空间"前"、"后"认知中的客体参照策略。这两种认知策略在通过空间来认知时间的过程中得到完全贯彻,也形成了时间"前"、"后"认知中的主体参照策略和客体参照策略,这就造成了时间表达中的"前后矛盾"。

The cognition of ＂qian （front） ＂ and ＂hou （back）＂ in space is originally rooted in humans＇ perception of their own bodily features and around-moving and these are the Reference-to-the-perceiver cognitive tactics in the cognition of ＂qian＂ and ＂ hou＂ in space. The cognitive features of human perceiver＇s ＂qian＂ and ＂hou＂ are mapped to other objects in space, and thus become the criterion for humans to cognize the ＂qian＂ and ＂hou＂ of such objects, so the Reference-to-the-object cognitive tactics in the cognition of ＂qian＂ and ＂hou＂ in space are formed. The two kinds of cognitive tactics are fully carried through in time - cognizing by means of space. So the cognition of ＂qian＂ and ＂hou＂ in time also applies the Reference-to-the-perceiver cognitive tactics and the Reference-to-the-object cognitive tactics, which leads to ＂the contradiction of qian＇and hou＂ in time expressions, that is, ＂qian＂ and ＂hou＂ can signify the future and the past respectively, and the other way around.