宗教绘画中的民族性格——关于中西宗教绘画异同的思考

The Nation's Character in Religious Paintings

人类早期文化都带有宗教的性质。从宇宙观上说,东西方不同的观念都体现了人、神、自然之间的关系,只是相比较而言,东方人更注重神化的自然,而西方人则更注重神化的人,这从人类早期的绘画遗存就可以看得出来。随着不同的社会生活的发展,东西方人的宇宙观和性格逐渐有了明显差异,东西方的宗教及宗教美术就非常明显地体现出了这些差异。相对而言,东方宗教与中国画给人的印象明显地比西方宗教与西方绘画要柔和、含蓄而深沉,西方宗教与西方绘画则显得强烈而明朗。这实际上体现出不同的民族性格,东方民族在言行方面和思维方式方面确实比西方民族要温和、含蓄、内在一些,而西方民族则相对冲动、直白和外在一些。

There exists a religious influence in all the early human cultures. From the perspective of the world outlook, both the eastern and western cultures show the relationship among human, gods and nature. However, the eastern people pay more attention to the apotheosized nature while the western people pay more attention to the apotheosized human, which can be concluded from the remained early human paintings. With the development of their own social lives, the obvious distinction gradually occurs in their character and world outlook, which can be displayed by the eastern and the western religions and rehgious paintings. Relatively speaking, the eastern religions and the Chinese painting give a soft, deep and implicit impression while the western religions and paintings give a clear and strong impression. This difference reflects their different national characters in fact. The eastern nations are softer and more implicit in the way of communication and thinking than the western nations are.