温度对小花型夏菊花芽分化及开花的影响

Effect of Temperature on Flower Bud Differentiation and Flowering of Summer Chrysanthemum with Small Inflorescences

以小花型夏菊品种“奥运火炬”为材料,通过不同定植期获得不同的温度条件来研究温度对小花型夏菊花芽分化及开花进程的影响。结果表明：小花型夏菊在日平均温度达到16℃以上时即可开始花芽分化;平均温度在15-25℃之间时,随温度升高,花芽分化速度加快,花芽分化各阶段持续的时间变短,尤其是总苞鳞片分化前期和后期最明显。平均温度25-30℃适宜花朵开放,但随着温度升高开花速度有减缓的趋势,花期一般长30-40 d,温度高于30℃时,花朵衰败速度加快。

Effects of temperature on flower bud differentiation and flowering of summer chrysanthemum with small inflorescences （Aoyunhuoju） were studied. Results showed that when the daily mean temperature exceeded 16 ℃, summer chrysanthemum started the differentiation of flower bud; when the daily mean temperature was at 15 -25 ℃, along with the increase of the temperature, the differentiation of flower bud was accelerated and shortened, especially at the earlier and later stages of involved differentiation; when the daily mean temperature was at 25 - 30 ℃, the flower opened, but along with the rising of temperature, the flowering velocity decreased. Florescence usually lasted 35 - 40 days. The flower downfall accelerated when the daily mean temperature was above 30 ℃.