影响美国高等教育的第三种力量

The Third Factor Affecting American Higher Education

在分析美国高等教育的影响因素时,我们更多是关注市场和政府两种力量,而忽略了第三种力量——公民社会。公民社会主要通过志愿性组织、公众舆论和公民个体等形式作用于高等教育。在国家—市场—公民社会三分的理论框架内,公民社会对高等教育所起的作用包括财政支持、质量保证、协调粘合和对高校内行政权力以及国家干预的制衡等。

When we analyses factors that have influence on American higher education, we tend to pay more attention to the market and government,but simply ignore the function of civil society. In fact,civil society influences higher education through its voluntary organizations,public media and individual citizen. The functions of civil society on American higher education are listed and analyzed in the theoretical framework of state,market and civil society. These include financial support,quality assurance,coordination and limited check to university administration and government interference.