水滑石及柱撑水滑石的制备和表征

The Preparation and Characterization of Hydrotalcite and Hydrotalcite like Compounds

制备了水滑石Ｍｇ６Ａｌ２（ＯＨ）１６ＣＯ３·４Ｈ２Ｏ和类水滑石Ｍｇ４Ａｌ２（ＯＨ）１２（ＮＯ３）２·４Ｈ２Ｏ、Ｚｎ６Ａｌ２（ＯＨ）１６ＣＯ３·４Ｈ２Ｏ，它们的晶体结构基本相似，热稳定性都不很高，２００℃时将失去全部结晶水，２００～４５０℃时将失去全部层间阴离子，以及大部分ＯＨ－。用离子交换法和共沉淀法制备了１，５－二萘磺酸柱撑水滑石Ｍｇ４Ａｌ２（ＯＨ）１２［Ｃ１０Ｈ６（ＳＯ３）２］·４Ｈ２Ｏ，其层间距分别是１．５７７ｎｍ和１．５４４ｎｍ，两种方法制备的样品晶体结构基本一致。

Hydrotalcite Mg 6Al 2(OH) 16 CO 3·4H 2O and the hydrotalcite like materials Mg 4Al 2(OH) 12 (NO 3) 2·4H 2 and Zn 6Al 2(OH) 16 CO 3·4H 2O have been prepared. X ray diffraction shows that their structures are similar,their interlayer spacings being 0 791nm、0 898[KG*1/4]nm and 0 773nm respectively. Their thermal stabilities are not high,all the crystal water being lost on heating to 200℃,and all the interlayer anions and most of the OH - ions in the layers being lost on heating to 500℃ . A pollared hydrotalcite like compound Mg 4Al 2(OH) 12 [C 10 H 6(SO 3) 2]·4H 2O has been prepared by both anion exchange and co precipitation methods. X ray diffraction shows that very similar materials are obtained in each case,their interlayer spacing varying between 1 577 and 1 544nm depending on method of preparation and drying conditions.