摘要
以前对小鼠的研究表明,优势雄鼠的尿液对雌性的吸引力比从属雄鼠大;同时,包皮腺分泌到尿液中的两个雄性信息素E-β-法尼烯和E,E-α-法尼烯含量相应升高,而尿液本身产生的两个雄性信息素成分——脱氢小蠹素和S-2-仲丁基-二氢噻唑没有出现有效差异。为研究我们最近从小鼠(Musmusculus)包皮腺发现的两个雄性信息素16碳醇和16碳乙酸酯与雄性小鼠社会等级的关系,我们将雄性小鼠两两配对饲养30天,让它们经历足够的社会争斗,建立起稳定的优势和从属关系。双项选择测试表明,优势雄鼠的尿液对雌鼠的吸引比配对(组内)的从属鼠的强,优势雄鼠和来自另一配对组(组间)的从属鼠尿液对雌鼠的吸引无差异。这说明优势和从属关系是相对于同一社群内的个体存在的。我们进一步用二氯甲烷分别萃取包皮腺分泌物和尿液,然后用气质联用(GC-MS)来定性和定量地分析组内优势和从属个体气味的化学组成的差异。结果表明:只有优势雄鼠的包皮腺产生的E-β-法尼烯和E,E-α-法尼烯含量一致高于从属雄鼠,而16碳醇和16碳乙酸酯以及尿液本身的脱氢小蠹素和丁基-二氢噻唑两个雄性信息素都无差异。说明小鼠只利用包皮腺产生的两个分子量较小的雄性信息素浓度的相对升高传递社会优势地位的信息。
Previous work has shown that two urinary pheromones, E-β-farnesene and E, E-α-farnesene occur at higher concentrations in dominant male mice, and also that urinary cues enhance sexual attractiveness. These pheromones originate in the prenuptial glands, and are voided in the urine. By contrast, two pheromones which are matabolised in male urine (R, R- dehydro-exo-brevicomin, and S-2-sec-butyl-dihydrothiazole) are unaffected by social rank. The current study examined whether two recently characterized preputial pheromones (hexadecanol and hexadecyl acetate) might communicate dominance status in male mice Mus musculus. Male mice were caged in pairs for 30 consecutive days in order to allow dominance-subordinance to be established. Binary choice tests showed that the urine of dominant males was more attractive to females, than that of their subordinate male partners (but not necessarily more attractive than that of males in other pairs ). Following dichloromethane extraction of preputial glandular secretions and voided urine, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed that levels of E-β farnesene and E, E-α-farnesene were elevated in dominant males (more so than levels of hexadecanol. Hexadecylacetate, R, R-dehydro = exo-brevicomin and S-2-sec-butyl-dihydrothiazole). These results.suggest that, in male mice, only low molecular weight sex pheromones, of preputial glandular origin, may also serve as dominance-related pheromones.
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期399-406,共8页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.30670268)
中国科学院创新研究和国际合作计划(No.CXTDS2005-4)
科技部攻关课题(No.2005BA529A05)
北京林业大学研究生自选课题基金资助~~
关键词
小鼠
优势地位
信息素
包皮腺分泌物
Mouse, Dominance, Pheromone, Preputial gland secretion