我国首次发现乡土旋毛虫的研究报告

RESEARCH REPORT OF THE FIRST FINDING OF TRICHINELLA NATIVA IN CHINA

目的 :对我国两株旋毛虫进行虫种归属鉴定。方法 :通过生物学特性的比较研究。结果 :单对虫体杂交试验 ,表明河南猪株与黑龙江犬株存在生殖隔离现象 ;冷冻耐力试验 ,在 - 15℃下 ,前者 9d即死亡 ,后者可存活 1年以上 ;在 4℃ ,前者肌肉期幼虫呈圆盘状卷曲 ,后者呈螺旋状卷曲 ;生殖力指数 ( RCI)在小鼠试验分别为 195.7和 6.2 ( P<0 .0 1) ,在大鼠分别为 191.3和 14.4 ( P<0 .0 1) ;前者对家猪易感 ,后者不易感 ;随机扩增多态性 DNA指纹分析其扩增后产物的 DNA片段电泳带型 ,河南猪株旋毛虫与 T.spiralis基本相同 ,黑龙江犬株旋毛虫与 T.nativa一致。结论 :我国至少存在上述两种旋毛虫 ,即 :河南猪株旋毛虫系 T.spiralis,黑龙江犬株旋毛虫系 T.nativa。

AIM:To identify the species of two isolates of Trichinella in China.METHODSAND RESULTS:Comparative studies of biological characteristics between Heilongjiang dog isolate of Trichinella (NL.45°35 and EA.1 2 6°35 ) and Henan pig isolate of Trichinella (NL .32° 40 and EA.1 1 2°1 0 ) were done.In single pair interbreeding experiments,mating between Henan pig isolate and the Heilongjiang dog isolate did not occur. Intrabreeding trials of Henan pig isolate and Heilongjiang dog isolate showed 30 % and 2 0 % mating,respectively. In temperature tolerance trials,the Heilongjiang dog isolate could tolerate a temperature of - 1 5± 1℃ for1 2 months or- 2 5± 1℃ for1 6 days,the Henan pig isolate died within9days at the temperature of - 1 5± 1℃ or - 2 5± 1℃ . The Heilongjiang dog isolate had a relatively lower reproductive capacity index(RCI) in rat(1 4.4) and in mice(6 .2 ) ,while the Henan pig isolate had a higher RCI in rat(1 91 .3) and in mice(1 95 .7) .The Heilongjiang dog iso- late was weakly infective in domestic pigs,while the Henan isolate showed a higher degree of infectivity in the same host.The results of random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprint trials showed that the RAPD pattern of the Heilongjiang dog isolate was the same as that of T. nativa whereas the RAPD pattern of Henan pig isolate was the same as that of T. spi- ralis.CONCL USION:The Henan isolate of Trichinella is T.spiralis and the Heilongjiang isolate of Trichinella is T.nativa.Thus,there are at leasttwo species of Trichinella in China.