身份认同：知识分子与革命、民众之关系——中国现代知识分子小说的一种解读

Revolution Approval and Mass Identification——The modern Chinese intellectuals

在中国现代知识分子小说中,知识分子的身份认同是一个十分重要的问题。相当多的作品都呈现了知识分子自我的身份认同与革命、与民众的密切关系,并且在不同的历史时期,这种身份认同存在一个逐渐演变的轨迹:"五四"及20年代前半期体现为自我认同,在认同中又有危机;大革命前后及30年代体现为革命认同,在认同中又有左倾;抗战及四十年代则体现为人民认同,在认同中又有困惑。总之,知识分子自我、革命、人民是我们理解现代知识分子小说的三个关键词,它们在某种程度上决定了特定历史时期的中国知识分子形象以及精神特征,体现了知识分子身份的不同与地位的变化。

The identification of the intellectuals in modern Chinese novels is a key issue. A considerable number of works show that the intellectuals have a close relation with revolution and the public;but there has been a constant change along different historic times. Over the May Forth period and the first half of the 1920s they have their self-identification, but with crisis. Before and after the Great Revolution and the 1930s they approve of the revolution, but are also characterized with the leftist ideology. In the Anti-Japanese War they identify themselves with the people beside their confusions. In short, “self”, “-revolution”, and “people” are the three key words for our understanding of the modern Chinese intellectuals. They have to some extent decided the intectualls＇ images and spiritual properties in a particular period, and suggested the change of their identity.