烤烟大田期干物质动态积累研究

Study on Dynamic Accumulation of Dry Matter During Flue-cured Tobacco Growth Period in Field

[目的]研究烤烟的干物质积累规律。[方法]采用2年7点试验,研究了8个烤烟品种大田期干物质积累的动态变化。[结果]不同烤烟品种大田期干物质的动态积累变化规律可以用Logistic进行拟合,相关系数均达显著水平,但不同品种、不同年份之间烤烟干物质终极量、最大积累速率和最大积累速率出现的时间有所差异。烤烟干物质的积累可划分为3个阶段:前期、中期和后期,各个阶段对干物质的贡献率分别为12.00%、68.71%和19.29%。烤烟的干物质积累与产量有着密切的关系。烟苗移栽后55～70 d内,烟株干物质积累量贡献率最大;烟苗移栽后80 d左右的干物质总重、根冠比、地上部份与产量相关性最大。[结论]应加强田间栽培管理,确保烟苗移栽后55～70 d内有足够的干物质积累,以获得优质高产。

[Objective] The study aimed to explore dynamic change of dry matter accumulation of flue-cured tobacco and provide theoretical basis for it＇s cultivation and management.[Method] Through experiment of 2 years and 7 sites,the dynamic change of dry matter accumulation of 8 flue-cured tobacco varieties in field was studied.[Result] The dynamic change of dry matter accumulation of different flue-cured tobacco varieties in field could be simulated by Logistic curve regression equation and their correlation coefficients were at significant level,but the dry matter ultimate amount of flue-cured tobacco,the biggest accumulation rate and its appearing time varied with varieties and years.The process of dry matter accumulation in flue-cured tobacco could be divided into three stages： pre-stage,mid-stage and late-stage,and the contribution rates in various stages to dry matter accumulation were 12.00%,68.71% and 19.29% resp.There was a close relation between dry matter of flue-cured tobacco and yield.From 55 d to 70 dafter transplanted,there had the largest contribution rate to dry matter accumulation in tobacco plant.About 80 days after transplanted,the total weight of dry matter,the root to shoot ratio and the part of the ground had largest correlation with yield.[Conclusion] The cultivation and management of flue-cured tobacco in field should be strengthened to insure enough dry matter accumulation from 55 d to 70 d after transplanted so as to get good quality and high yield of flue-cured tobacco.