栽培蕨菜与野生蕨菜和常见栽培蔬菜营养成分的对比分析

Analysis and Contrast on the Nutrition Components among Wild and Cultivated Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum and Common Vegetables

[目的]探索野生蕨菜和栽培蕨菜以及常见栽培蔬菜所含主要营养成分的种类和数量的差异。[方法]采用化学分析法,对野生蕨菜和栽培蕨菜以及常见栽培蔬菜所含主要营养成分进行了分析对比。主要的营养成分分别为水分、蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤维、维生素C(Vc)、维生素B2(VB2)、钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、钾、磷、胡萝卜素。[结果]野生蕨菜和栽培蕨菜所含主要营养成分种类相同,数量存在着一定差异,但并不显著。与野生蕨菜相比,栽培蕨菜的水分、蛋白质的含量明显偏高,Vc、钾等的含量略偏高,铜、锌的含量相同,而其他测定营养成分的含量较低。与大多数蔬菜,如大白菜、甘蓝、马铃薯、番茄、白萝卜等相比,栽培蕨菜的主要营养成分,或者是说综合营养价值也要高出一些。[结论]食用栽培蕨菜与食用野生蕨菜营养保健效果相当。从保护野生植物资源的角度出发,应该大力发展蕨菜的人工栽培与生产。

[Objective] The research aimed to discussed the differences of main nutrition components among wild and cultivated Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum and common vegetables.[Method] Some main nutrition components of wild and cultivated Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum and common vegetables were analyzed by chemistry method,which were water,protein,fattiness,dietary fiber,vitamin C,vitamin B2,calcium（Ca）,magnesium（Mg）,ferric（Fe）,zinc（Zn）,copper（Cu）,kalium（K）,phosphor（P）,carotene.[Result] The kinds of main nutrition components between wild Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum and cultivated Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum were different,and the amount had no significant difference.Comparison with wild Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum,the contents of water and protein cultivated Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum were higher in evidence,the contents of Vc and K were a little higher,the contents of Cu and Zn were the same,and the contents of the other nutrition components were lower.Comparison with most common vegetables,such as Chinese cabbage,Brassica oleracea,Solanum tuberosum,tomato,white radish and so on,the integrated nutrition value was a little higher.[Conclusion] The functions of cultivated Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum were the same as wild Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum.So the cultivation and production of Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum should be developed vigorously from protection wild plants resources.