滇牡丹开花特性的观察

Obeservation on the Flowering Characteristics of Paeonia delavayi

[目的]有效利用滇牡丹培育牡丹品种。[方法]采用点面结合方式,对云南省澄江县梁王山40 m2样方内野生滇牡丹居群的开花特性进行了定量观测。[结果]滇牡丹花期长达2个多月,从4月初开放至6月初,远远长于目前栽培的牡丹品种;整个花期内共出现了215朵花,花蕾败育比例为8.37%,盛花期为4月14日～5月14日。滇牡丹不同植株花期变异比较大。单朵花的开放时间一般不超过1周。滇牡丹的花期较长可能与其所处环境有一定关系,也可能是其遗传背景的反映。[结论]滇牡丹是培育早花和晚花牡丹品种的重要遗传资源。

[Objective] The purpose of the research was to breed peony varieties by using effectively Paeonia delavayi.[Method] The flowering characteristics of wild P.delavayi populations grown in a quadrat of 40 m^2 in Liangwang Mountain,Chengjiang County,Yunnan province,were quantitatively observed with the method of combining point with surface.[Result] The florescence of P.delavayi was more than 2 months,lasting from early April to early June,which was much longer than the current cultivated peony varieties.In the whole flowering period,there were 215 flowers in all blooming,the abortion ratio of buds was 8.37% and the full-bloom stage was from April 14 to May 14.The great difference existed in the florescence of P.delavayi among different plants.The blooming period of single flower was less than a week.The longer florescence of P.delavayi might have some relation with its growing environment as well as its genetic background..[Conclusion] P.delavayi was a important genetic resource to breed peony varieties with early and late blooms.