豆科牧草对滨海盐渍土壤盐分特性和肥力影响的研究

Effects of Planting Legume Forage on Soil Salinity Characteristics and Fertility in Coastal Saline Soil

[目的]探讨豆科牧草用于滨海盐渍土生物改良的可性行。[方法]利用田间长期定位试验,研究种植豆科牧草林生山黧豆和紫花苜蓿的人工草地对滨海盐渍土壤盐分特性和肥力的影响。[结果]与自然盐碱空白地相比,长期种植紫花苜蓿和林生山黧豆的人工草地的土壤盐分含量明显降低,0～40 cm土层脱盐最为强烈,脱盐率达47.8%～48.8%,土壤盐分分布由柱状型转变为底积型;0～20 cm土壤pH值明显降低;0～20 cm土层的有机质、全氮含量分别提高了28.4%、42.5%和95.6%、69.8%。紫花苜蓿草地与自然盐碱空白地的盐分离子运移存在着差异。[结论]中度盐渍化土壤种植紫花苜蓿,轻度盐渍化土壤种植林生山黧豆,是生物改良滨海盐渍土的有效途径。

[Objective]This study aimed to discuss the feasibility of planting legume forage for improved soastal saline soil.[Method] Through planting Lathyrus sylvestris and Lucerne in artificial grassland,the effects of legume grass on soil salinity and fertility in coastal saline soil were studied by long-term feild location experiment.[Result] Compared with natural saline blank land,the soil salinity of the artificial grassland of long-term planting L.sylvestris and Lucerne was markedly decreased,the soil in 0-40 cm layer desalted most strongly,the desalination rate was 47.8%-48.8% and the distribution of soil salinity changed from columnar type to bottom-accumulation type.In 0-20 cm layer soil,pH was decreased clearly,the organic matter and total nitrogen content were increased by 28.4%,42.5% and 95.6%,69.8% resp.The transport of salinity ion in the land of planting lucerne and natural saline blank had some difference.[Conclusion] Planting Lucerne in the medium saline soil and planting L.sylvestris in the slight saline soil,were the effective ways to improve coastal saline soil by biological improvement.